Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious complication of diabetes. It occurs when a lack of insulin leads to potentially life-threatening acidosis and imbalances of electrolytes in the blood. Although ...

Despite these losses, the increased delivery of potassium to the ECF from the intracellular space usually causes the serum concentration of potassium to be normal and, in some cases, high. This ...

Sodium is the primary cation. Chloride and bicarbonate are the primary anions. The anion gap is the numeric result of subtracting the sums of the chloride and bicarbonate concentrations from that of ...