The LM4041 has been around for over 20 years. During those decades, while primarily marketed as a precision adjustable shunt regulator, this classic device also found its way into alternative ...

Author Mazi Hosseini describes a simple, low-cost, voltage-controlled current source using two op amps that provides a good range of current and maximum load. One challenge in circuit design is ...

Current sources are widely used in industrial control systems to transport analog process signals over long distances, but they are less widely used than voltage sources. This post loosely reviews the ...

The distribution system, a key subset of the overall electric grid, provides power to residential, commercial and industrial customers. Voltage and reactive power management and control have been done ...

Many embedded systems require a stable, low-noise DC reference. This reference can be a stable current or voltage source. These references are used in many ways. Some typical uses are listed as ...

The power transistor must be chosen to provide fast response while also withstanding high power dissipation. Several electrical and thermal characteristics must be considered: 1. An array of N current ...