The CIEST Laboratory successfully completed testing pipe liner samples for “apparent hoop tensile strength” as described in ASTM D2290. The method uses a split disk to apply tensile forces to a hoop ...

Adhesives are often exposed to variable stresses that impact their behavioral properties and capacity to endure strain without breakage. These features are vital when determining what adhesive will be ...

In practical use, a material only needs to be as strong as required, with factors like lightness, ease of manufacture, and sustainability guiding selection. Although paper, as a raw material, is on ...