A scanning probe microscope comes in a wide variety of flavors, they all produce a set of data points containing the measurements at each location. Usually these data points form a regular 2D grid, ...

At its core, SPM operates on the principle of measuring interactions between a sharp probe and the surface of a material. As the probe scans across the surface, it detects variations in physical ...

Scanning probe lithography (SPL) represents a rapidly evolving class of nanofabrication techniques that utilise the precision of scanning probe microscopy to directly manipulate material surfaces at ...

Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) encompasses a diverse range of techniques that enable the interrogation of surfaces with atomic-scale precision. These methods, including atomic force microscopy (AFM), ...

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Overview of the main types of Scannig Probe Microscope types: Scanning tunneling microscope (STM) – using the tunneling current I between the outermost atom of a conducting probe within an atomic ...