Three local observed-score kernel equating methods that integrate methods from the local equating and kernel equating frameworks are proposed. The new methods were compared with their earlier ...

This is a preview. Log in through your library . Abstract Holland and colleagues derived a formula for analytical standard error of equating using the δ-method for ...

Test equating constitutes a critical element of modern assessment practices, ensuring that scores from different test forms are directly comparable. Recent advancements have pooled statistical ...